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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Fourth taekwondo form}}
'''Taegek Sa Jang''' (also romanized as ''Taegeuk Sah Jang'') is the fourth of eight [[Taekwondo#Forms .28patterns.29|taekwondo forms]] practiced by the [[Kukkiwon]] and [[World Taekwondo]]. A form, or [[poomsae]] (also romanized as ''pumsae'' or ''poomse''), is a choreographed pattern of defense-and-attack motions. Taegeuk Sa Jang is often (but not universally) practiced by students of Kukkiwon/WT-style taekwondo.
== Etymology ==
[[FIle:Taegeuk.svg|thumb|The taegeuk symbol]]
The word ''taegeuk'' ({{Korean|태극|太極}}, {{IPA-ko|tʰɛgɯk̚}}) refers to the universe from which all things and values are derived.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gukgiwon (국기원)|title=Taekwondo textbook|date=2005|publisher=오성출판사|location=Seoul|page=303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cCY2AQAAIAAJ&q=taegeuk|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="Rogers">{{cite book|last1=Rogers|first1=William Elford|title=Interpreting Interpretation: Textual Hermeneutics as an Ascetic Discipline|date=1994|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|location=University Park, Pa|isbn=9780271010618|page=303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=baCoPZPE1bQC&q=taegeuk+chinese+word&pg=PA112|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' (hangul: 태극기, where ''gi'' means "flag").<ref name="KOIS">{{cite book|last1=Korean overseas information service|title=Handbook of Korea.|date=2003|publisher=Korean Overseas Information Service|location=Seoul|isbn=9788973750054|page=568|edition=11.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBpxAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+7th+century|access-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> The taegeuk is commonly associated with [[Korean Taoism]] philosophical values<ref name="taeguek">{{cite book|last1=Kim|first1=Sang Yil|last2=Ro|first2=Young Chan|title=Hanism as Korean mind : interpretation of Han philosophy|date=1984|publisher=Eastern Academy of Human Sciences|location=Los Angeles, Calif.|isbn=0932713009|page=66|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EfTWAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+taoism|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> as well as [[Korean shamanism]].<ref name="sanshin">[http://www.san-shin.org/Sacred-Mtns-01.html Korea's Sam-Taegeuk Symbol]. san-shin.org, dedicated to the sacred mountains of Korea.</ref>
The word ''sa'' is the number 4 in the [[Sino-Korean vocabulary|Sino-Korean]] [[Korean numerals|numbering system]]. The word ''jang'' translates roughly as "chapter" or "part". Taegeuk Sa Jang translates as "Part 4 of the Taegeuk".
== Symbolism ==
The [[embusen|floor pattern]] (or ''yeon-mu'') of each taegeuk poomsae is three parallel lines. On each line, a 180 degree turn is performed.
* If the turn is performed by pivoting in-place, the line is considered to be a broken line.
* If the turn is performed by moving the lead foot to the rear, the line is considered to be a solid line.
The floor pattern of each taegeuk poomsae then represents three broken or solid lines, called trigrams or ''gwae'' ([[bagua]] in Chinese). Each trigram (gwae) corresponds to a natural element.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:2em;"
|+The Pal Gwae or 八卦 Bāguà—The eight trigrams
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|乾 Qián<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2630">☰</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|兌 Duì<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2631">☱</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|離 Lí<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2632">☲</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|震 Zhèn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2633">☳</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|巽 Xùn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2634">☴</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|坎 Kǎn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2635">☵</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|艮 Gèn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2636">☶</span>
!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|坤 Kūn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2637">☷</span>
|-
|'''Heaven/Sky''' ||'''Lake/Marsh''' ||'''Fire''' ||'''Thunder''' ||'''Wind''' ||'''Water''' ||'''Mountain''' ||'''Earth'''
|-
|<span title="Tian1">天 Tiān</span> ||<span title="Ze2">澤(泽) Zé</span> ||<span title="Huo3">火 Huǒ</span> ||<span title="Lei2">雷 Léi</span> ||<span title="Feng1">風(风) Fēng</span> ||<span title="Shui3">水 Shuǐ</span> ||<span title="Shan1">山 Shān</span> ||<span title="Di4">地 Dì</span>
|-
|Gun
|Tae
|Yi
|Jin
|Seon
|Gam
|Gan
|Gon
|}
[[File:Taegeuk_Sa_Jang.png|thumb|300px|alt=digram illustrating taegeuk sa jang|The first turn of Taegeuk Sa Jang is performed by moving the lead foot. The final two turns are performed by pivoting in-place. This indicates that the associated trigram is a solid line, a broken line, and a broken line.]]
The first turn of Taegeuk Sa Jang is performed by moving the lead foot. The final two turns are performed by pivoting in-place. This indicates that the associated trigram is a solid line, a broken line, and a broken line; this is the trigram for ''thunder'' ("jin"). The Kukkiwon teaches that this poomsae should be performed with majesty, like a thunderstorm. This is the first poomsae in the Taegeuk series in which the practitioner transitions from the first line directly to the third line via a continuous sequence of movements, further symbolizing the long-reach of a thunderstorm.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Taekwondo Textbook|last=Kim|first=Soon-Bae|publisher=Kukkiwon|year=2012|isbn=978-8973367504|location=Seoul}}</ref>
== Techniques ==
As a poomsae of intermediate difficulty, this form introduces the student to a number of new techniques:
* The form begins by introducing the double knifehand block, also called an augmented outside knifehand block. This technique is a staple of subsequent Taegeuk poomsae.
* The spearhead thrust, the side kick, and the swallowform strike (a simultaneous knifehand high block and knifehand neck strike) are also introduced in this form.
* Most notably, this poomsae places an increased emphasis on the advanced technique of "chambering" for the next movement while still performing the previous movement. In this context, the word ''chamber'' means to position one's arms and legs in preparation for an upcoming movement. As an example, when performing the final of two side kicks, the practitioner must chamber for a double knifehand block while still in the process of completing the kick.
== Development ==
During the 1920s and 1930s many of the [[Kwans|pioneers of taekwondo]] studied [[karate]] or [[Chinese martial arts]] in which forms practice is seen as an essential element of the martial art. When these pioneers returned to [[Korea]] after the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese occupation]], they incorporated forms practice into their teaching. During the 1960s there were several efforts among these pioneers to unify their styles of martial art and create a consolidated set of forms. In 1965 the [[Korea Taekwondo Association]] appointed a committee of representatives from six of the [[Kwans|Nine Kwans]] to develop the forms for what is now called Kukkiwon- or WTF-style taekwondo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/Taekwondo/documents/tkd_history.pdf|title=A Modern History of Taekwondo|last=Kang|first=Won-Sik|website=www.stanford.edu|publisher=Stanford University|access-date=9 June 2016}}</ref> The committee consisted of:
* [[Young Sup Lee]] of the [[Song Moo Kwan]]
* [[Kyo Yoon Lee]] of the [[Han Moo Kwan]]
* [[Hae Man Park]] of the [[Chung Do Kwan]]
* [[Jong Myun Hyun]] of the [[Oh Do Kwan]]
* [[Soon Bae Kim]] of the [[Chang Moo Kwan]]
In 1967, this committee introduced the [[Palgwae]] and [[Yudanja]] (Black Belt) forms (including a simpler version of [[Original Koryo|Koryo]]). In 1971 two additional kwans joined the committee:
* [[Chong Woo Lee]] of [[Jidokwan]]
* [[Young Ki Bae]] also of [[Jidokwan]]
* [[Young Tae Han]] of [[Moo Duk Kwan]]
This expanded committee went on to develop the [[Taegeuk]] forms.
== See also ==
* [[Taegeuk (taekwondo)]]
* [[Taekwondo|Taekwondo forms]]
* [[Kata|Karate kata]]
* [[List of Taekwondo techniques|List of Taekwondo Techniques]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Taekwondo forms]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '[[Category:Taekwondo forms]]
[[File:McCoskry Butt (1858–1921).png|thumb|cvbnm]]
rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' Something went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went '''wrongSomething''' went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething 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Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,75 +1,3 @@
-{{Short description|Fourth taekwondo form}}
-'''Taegek Sa Jang''' (also romanized as ''Taegeuk Sah Jang'') is the fourth of eight [[Taekwondo#Forms .28patterns.29|taekwondo forms]] practiced by the [[Kukkiwon]] and [[World Taekwondo]]. A form, or [[poomsae]] (also romanized as ''pumsae'' or ''poomse''), is a choreographed pattern of defense-and-attack motions. Taegeuk Sa Jang is often (but not universally) practiced by students of Kukkiwon/WT-style taekwondo.
-
-== Etymology ==
-
-[[FIle:Taegeuk.svg|thumb|The taegeuk symbol]]
-The word ''taegeuk'' ({{Korean|태극|太極}}, {{IPA-ko|tʰɛgɯk̚}}) refers to the universe from which all things and values are derived.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gukgiwon (국기원)|title=Taekwondo textbook|date=2005|publisher=오성출판사|location=Seoul|page=303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cCY2AQAAIAAJ&q=taegeuk|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="Rogers">{{cite book|last1=Rogers|first1=William Elford|title=Interpreting Interpretation: Textual Hermeneutics as an Ascetic Discipline|date=1994|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|location=University Park, Pa|isbn=9780271010618|page=303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=baCoPZPE1bQC&q=taegeuk+chinese+word&pg=PA112|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' (hangul: 태극기, where ''gi'' means "flag").<ref name="KOIS">{{cite book|last1=Korean overseas information service|title=Handbook of Korea.|date=2003|publisher=Korean Overseas Information Service|location=Seoul|isbn=9788973750054|page=568|edition=11.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBpxAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+7th+century|access-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> The taegeuk is commonly associated with [[Korean Taoism]] philosophical values<ref name="taeguek">{{cite book|last1=Kim|first1=Sang Yil|last2=Ro|first2=Young Chan|title=Hanism as Korean mind : interpretation of Han philosophy|date=1984|publisher=Eastern Academy of Human Sciences|location=Los Angeles, Calif.|isbn=0932713009|page=66|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EfTWAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+taoism|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> as well as [[Korean shamanism]].<ref name="sanshin">[http://www.san-shin.org/Sacred-Mtns-01.html Korea's Sam-Taegeuk Symbol]. san-shin.org, dedicated to the sacred mountains of Korea.</ref>
-
-The word ''sa'' is the number 4 in the [[Sino-Korean vocabulary|Sino-Korean]] [[Korean numerals|numbering system]]. The word ''jang'' translates roughly as "chapter" or "part". Taegeuk Sa Jang translates as "Part 4 of the Taegeuk".
-
-== Symbolism ==
-
-The [[embusen|floor pattern]] (or ''yeon-mu'') of each taegeuk poomsae is three parallel lines. On each line, a 180 degree turn is performed.
-* If the turn is performed by pivoting in-place, the line is considered to be a broken line.
-* If the turn is performed by moving the lead foot to the rear, the line is considered to be a solid line.
-The floor pattern of each taegeuk poomsae then represents three broken or solid lines, called trigrams or ''gwae'' ([[bagua]] in Chinese). Each trigram (gwae) corresponds to a natural element.
-
-{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:2em;"
-|+The Pal Gwae or 八卦 Bāguà—The eight trigrams
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|乾 Qián<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2630">☰</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|兌 Duì<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2631">☱</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|離 Lí<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2632">☲</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|震 Zhèn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2633">☳</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|巽 Xùn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2634">☴</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|坎 Kǎn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2635">☵</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|艮 Gèn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2636">☶</span>
-!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|坤 Kūn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2637">☷</span>
-|-
-|'''Heaven/Sky''' ||'''Lake/Marsh''' ||'''Fire''' ||'''Thunder''' ||'''Wind''' ||'''Water''' ||'''Mountain''' ||'''Earth'''
-|-
-|<span title="Tian1">天 Tiān</span> ||<span title="Ze2">澤(泽) Zé</span> ||<span title="Huo3">火 Huǒ</span> ||<span title="Lei2">雷 Léi</span> ||<span title="Feng1">風(风) Fēng</span> ||<span title="Shui3">水 Shuǐ</span> ||<span title="Shan1">山 Shān</span> ||<span title="Di4">地 Dì</span>
-|-
-|Gun
-|Tae
-|Yi
-|Jin
-|Seon
-|Gam
-|Gan
-|Gon
-|}
-[[File:Taegeuk_Sa_Jang.png|thumb|300px|alt=digram illustrating taegeuk sa jang|The first turn of Taegeuk Sa Jang is performed by moving the lead foot. The final two turns are performed by pivoting in-place. This indicates that the associated trigram is a solid line, a broken line, and a broken line.]]
-The first turn of Taegeuk Sa Jang is performed by moving the lead foot. The final two turns are performed by pivoting in-place. This indicates that the associated trigram is a solid line, a broken line, and a broken line; this is the trigram for ''thunder'' ("jin"). The Kukkiwon teaches that this poomsae should be performed with majesty, like a thunderstorm. This is the first poomsae in the Taegeuk series in which the practitioner transitions from the first line directly to the third line via a continuous sequence of movements, further symbolizing the long-reach of a thunderstorm.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Taekwondo Textbook|last=Kim|first=Soon-Bae|publisher=Kukkiwon|year=2012|isbn=978-8973367504|location=Seoul}}</ref>
-
-== Techniques ==
-
-As a poomsae of intermediate difficulty, this form introduces the student to a number of new techniques:
-* The form begins by introducing the double knifehand block, also called an augmented outside knifehand block. This technique is a staple of subsequent Taegeuk poomsae.
-* The spearhead thrust, the side kick, and the swallowform strike (a simultaneous knifehand high block and knifehand neck strike) are also introduced in this form.
-* Most notably, this poomsae places an increased emphasis on the advanced technique of "chambering" for the next movement while still performing the previous movement. In this context, the word ''chamber'' means to position one's arms and legs in preparation for an upcoming movement. As an example, when performing the final of two side kicks, the practitioner must chamber for a double knifehand block while still in the process of completing the kick.
-
-== Development ==
-During the 1920s and 1930s many of the [[Kwans|pioneers of taekwondo]] studied [[karate]] or [[Chinese martial arts]] in which forms practice is seen as an essential element of the martial art. When these pioneers returned to [[Korea]] after the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese occupation]], they incorporated forms practice into their teaching. During the 1960s there were several efforts among these pioneers to unify their styles of martial art and create a consolidated set of forms. In 1965 the [[Korea Taekwondo Association]] appointed a committee of representatives from six of the [[Kwans|Nine Kwans]] to develop the forms for what is now called Kukkiwon- or WTF-style taekwondo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/Taekwondo/documents/tkd_history.pdf|title=A Modern History of Taekwondo|last=Kang|first=Won-Sik|website=www.stanford.edu|publisher=Stanford University|access-date=9 June 2016}}</ref> The committee consisted of:
-* [[Young Sup Lee]] of the [[Song Moo Kwan]]
-* [[Kyo Yoon Lee]] of the [[Han Moo Kwan]]
-* [[Hae Man Park]] of the [[Chung Do Kwan]]
-* [[Jong Myun Hyun]] of the [[Oh Do Kwan]]
-* [[Soon Bae Kim]] of the [[Chang Moo Kwan]]
-
-In 1967, this committee introduced the [[Palgwae]] and [[Yudanja]] (Black Belt) forms (including a simpler version of [[Original Koryo|Koryo]]). In 1971 two additional kwans joined the committee:
-* [[Chong Woo Lee]] of [[Jidokwan]]
-* [[Young Ki Bae]] also of [[Jidokwan]]
-* [[Young Tae Han]] of [[Moo Duk Kwan]]
-This expanded committee went on to develop the [[Taegeuk]] forms.
-
-== See also ==
-* [[Taegeuk (taekwondo)]]
-* [[Taekwondo|Taekwondo forms]]
-* [[Kata|Karate kata]]
-* [[List of Taekwondo techniques|List of Taekwondo Techniques]]
-
-==References==
-{{reflist}}
-
[[Category:Taekwondo forms]]
+[[File:McCoskry Butt (1858–1921).png|thumb|cvbnm]]
+rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' Something went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went '''wrongSomething''' went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething 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0 => '[[File:McCoskry Butt (1858–1921).png|thumb|cvbnm]]',
1 => 'rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' Something went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went '''wrongSomething''' went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething 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0 => '{{Short description|Fourth taekwondo form}}',
1 => ''''Taegek Sa Jang''' (also romanized as ''Taegeuk Sah Jang'') is the fourth of eight [[Taekwondo#Forms .28patterns.29|taekwondo forms]] practiced by the [[Kukkiwon]] and [[World Taekwondo]]. A form, or [[poomsae]] (also romanized as ''pumsae'' or ''poomse''), is a choreographed pattern of defense-and-attack motions. Taegeuk Sa Jang is often (but not universally) practiced by students of Kukkiwon/WT-style taekwondo.',
2 => '',
3 => '== Etymology ==',
4 => '',
5 => '[[FIle:Taegeuk.svg|thumb|The taegeuk symbol]]',
6 => 'The word ''taegeuk'' ({{Korean|태극|太極}}, {{IPA-ko|tʰɛgɯk̚}}) refers to the universe from which all things and values are derived.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gukgiwon (국기원)|title=Taekwondo textbook|date=2005|publisher=오성출판사|location=Seoul|page=303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cCY2AQAAIAAJ&q=taegeuk|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="Rogers">{{cite book|last1=Rogers|first1=William Elford|title=Interpreting Interpretation: Textual Hermeneutics as an Ascetic Discipline|date=1994|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|location=University Park, Pa|isbn=9780271010618|page=303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=baCoPZPE1bQC&q=taegeuk+chinese+word&pg=PA112|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the [[flag of South Korea]] and the source for its name, ''taegeukgi'' (hangul: 태극기, where ''gi'' means "flag").<ref name="KOIS">{{cite book|last1=Korean overseas information service|title=Handbook of Korea.|date=2003|publisher=Korean Overseas Information Service|location=Seoul|isbn=9788973750054|page=568|edition=11.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBpxAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+7th+century|access-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> The taegeuk is commonly associated with [[Korean Taoism]] philosophical values<ref name="taeguek">{{cite book|last1=Kim|first1=Sang Yil|last2=Ro|first2=Young Chan|title=Hanism as Korean mind : interpretation of Han philosophy|date=1984|publisher=Eastern Academy of Human Sciences|location=Los Angeles, Calif.|isbn=0932713009|page=66|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EfTWAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+taoism|access-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> as well as [[Korean shamanism]].<ref name="sanshin">[http://www.san-shin.org/Sacred-Mtns-01.html Korea's Sam-Taegeuk Symbol]. san-shin.org, dedicated to the sacred mountains of Korea.</ref>',
7 => '',
8 => 'The word ''sa'' is the number 4 in the [[Sino-Korean vocabulary|Sino-Korean]] [[Korean numerals|numbering system]]. The word ''jang'' translates roughly as "chapter" or "part". Taegeuk Sa Jang translates as "Part 4 of the Taegeuk".',
9 => '',
10 => '== Symbolism ==',
11 => '',
12 => 'The [[embusen|floor pattern]] (or ''yeon-mu'') of each taegeuk poomsae is three parallel lines. On each line, a 180 degree turn is performed. ',
13 => '* If the turn is performed by pivoting in-place, the line is considered to be a broken line. ',
14 => '* If the turn is performed by moving the lead foot to the rear, the line is considered to be a solid line.',
15 => 'The floor pattern of each taegeuk poomsae then represents three broken or solid lines, called trigrams or ''gwae'' ([[bagua]] in Chinese). Each trigram (gwae) corresponds to a natural element.',
16 => '',
17 => '{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:2em;"',
18 => '|+The Pal Gwae or 八卦 Bāguà—The eight trigrams',
19 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|乾 Qián<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2630">☰</span>',
20 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|兌 Duì<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2631">☱</span>',
21 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|離 Lí<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2632">☲</span>',
22 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|震 Zhèn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2633">☳</span>',
23 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|巽 Xùn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2634">☴</span>',
24 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|坎 Kǎn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2635">☵</span>',
25 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|艮 Gèn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2636">☶</span>',
26 => '!style="width:5.5em;background-color:#CCCCCC"|坤 Kūn<br /><span style="font-size:180%;" title="U+2637">☷</span>',
27 => '|-',
28 => '|'''Heaven/Sky''' ||'''Lake/Marsh''' ||'''Fire''' ||'''Thunder''' ||'''Wind''' ||'''Water''' ||'''Mountain''' ||'''Earth'''',
29 => '|-',
30 => '|<span title="Tian1">天 Tiān</span> ||<span title="Ze2">澤(泽) Zé</span> ||<span title="Huo3">火 Huǒ</span> ||<span title="Lei2">雷 Léi</span> ||<span title="Feng1">風(风) Fēng</span> ||<span title="Shui3">水 Shuǐ</span> ||<span title="Shan1">山 Shān</span> ||<span title="Di4">地 Dì</span>',
31 => '|-',
32 => '|Gun',
33 => '|Tae',
34 => '|Yi',
35 => '|Jin',
36 => '|Seon',
37 => '|Gam',
38 => '|Gan',
39 => '|Gon',
40 => '|}',
41 => '[[File:Taegeuk_Sa_Jang.png|thumb|300px|alt=digram illustrating taegeuk sa jang|The first turn of Taegeuk Sa Jang is performed by moving the lead foot. The final two turns are performed by pivoting in-place. This indicates that the associated trigram is a solid line, a broken line, and a broken line.]] ',
42 => 'The first turn of Taegeuk Sa Jang is performed by moving the lead foot. The final two turns are performed by pivoting in-place. This indicates that the associated trigram is a solid line, a broken line, and a broken line; this is the trigram for ''thunder'' ("jin"). The Kukkiwon teaches that this poomsae should be performed with majesty, like a thunderstorm. This is the first poomsae in the Taegeuk series in which the practitioner transitions from the first line directly to the third line via a continuous sequence of movements, further symbolizing the long-reach of a thunderstorm.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Taekwondo Textbook|last=Kim|first=Soon-Bae|publisher=Kukkiwon|year=2012|isbn=978-8973367504|location=Seoul}}</ref>',
43 => '',
44 => '== Techniques ==',
45 => '',
46 => 'As a poomsae of intermediate difficulty, this form introduces the student to a number of new techniques:',
47 => '* The form begins by introducing the double knifehand block, also called an augmented outside knifehand block. This technique is a staple of subsequent Taegeuk poomsae.',
48 => '* The spearhead thrust, the side kick, and the swallowform strike (a simultaneous knifehand high block and knifehand neck strike) are also introduced in this form.',
49 => '* Most notably, this poomsae places an increased emphasis on the advanced technique of "chambering" for the next movement while still performing the previous movement. In this context, the word ''chamber'' means to position one's arms and legs in preparation for an upcoming movement. As an example, when performing the final of two side kicks, the practitioner must chamber for a double knifehand block while still in the process of completing the kick.',
50 => '',
51 => '== Development ==',
52 => 'During the 1920s and 1930s many of the [[Kwans|pioneers of taekwondo]] studied [[karate]] or [[Chinese martial arts]] in which forms practice is seen as an essential element of the martial art. When these pioneers returned to [[Korea]] after the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese occupation]], they incorporated forms practice into their teaching. During the 1960s there were several efforts among these pioneers to unify their styles of martial art and create a consolidated set of forms. In 1965 the [[Korea Taekwondo Association]] appointed a committee of representatives from six of the [[Kwans|Nine Kwans]] to develop the forms for what is now called Kukkiwon- or WTF-style taekwondo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/Taekwondo/documents/tkd_history.pdf|title=A Modern History of Taekwondo|last=Kang|first=Won-Sik|website=www.stanford.edu|publisher=Stanford University|access-date=9 June 2016}}</ref> The committee consisted of:',
53 => '* [[Young Sup Lee]] of the [[Song Moo Kwan]]',
54 => '* [[Kyo Yoon Lee]] of the [[Han Moo Kwan]]',
55 => '* [[Hae Man Park]] of the [[Chung Do Kwan]]',
56 => '* [[Jong Myun Hyun]] of the [[Oh Do Kwan]]',
57 => '* [[Soon Bae Kim]] of the [[Chang Moo Kwan]]',
58 => '',
59 => 'In 1967, this committee introduced the [[Palgwae]] and [[Yudanja]] (Black Belt) forms (including a simpler version of [[Original Koryo|Koryo]]). In 1971 two additional kwans joined the committee:',
60 => '* [[Chong Woo Lee]] of [[Jidokwan]]',
61 => '* [[Young Ki Bae]] also of [[Jidokwan]]',
62 => '* [[Young Tae Han]] of [[Moo Duk Kwan]]',
63 => 'This expanded committee went on to develop the [[Taegeuk]] forms.',
64 => '',
65 => '== See also ==',
66 => '* [[Taegeuk (taekwondo)]]',
67 => '* [[Taekwondo|Taekwondo forms]]',
68 => '* [[Kata|Karate kata]]',
69 => '* [[List of Taekwondo techniques|List of Taekwondo Techniques]]',
70 => '',
71 => '==References==',
72 => '{{reflist}}',
73 => ''
] |
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1 => 'https://books.google.com/books?id=cCY2AQAAIAAJ&q=taegeuk',
2 => 'https://books.google.com/books?id=baCoPZPE1bQC&q=taegeuk+chinese+word&pg=PA112',
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2 => 'https://books.google.com/books?id=baCoPZPE1bQC&q=taegeuk+chinese+word&pg=PA112',
3 => 'https://books.google.com/books?id=IBpxAAAAMAAJ&q=taegeuk+7th+century',
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<p>rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Korea" title="Flag of South Korea">flag of South Korea</a> and the source for its name, <i>taegeukgi</i> rived. It is also the symbol that makes up the center of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Korea" title="Flag of South Korea">flag of South Korea</a> and the source for its name, <i>taegeukgi</i> Something went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went <b>wrongSomething</b> went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went wrongSomething went 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Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1714253333' |
